The Queenship of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a Marian feast day in the liturgical calendar of the Roman Catholic Church, created by Pope Pius XII. On 11 October 1954, the Pontiff pronounced the new feast in his encyclical Ad Cæli Reginam. The feast was celebrated on May 31, the last day of the Marian month. The initial ceremony for this feast involved the crowning of the Salus Populi Romani icon of Mary in the Basilica of Sancta Maria Maggiore in Rome by Pius XII as part of a procession.

In 1969, Pope Paul VI moved the feast day to August 22, on the octave day of the Assumption in order to emphasize the close bond between Mary's Queenship and Her glorification in Body and Soul next to Her SON. The Second Vatican Council's Constitution on the Church states that "Mary was taken up Body and Soul into heavenly glory, and exalted by the LORD as Queen of the universe, that She might be the more fully conformed to Her SON" (Lumen gentium, 59).